Ampersand Lab

Foundation grammar · Lesson 102 · B1

the people we met, the hotel you stayed at (relative clauses 2)

When who, that or which is the object of the clause, you can leave it out: the photos (that) Kim took. A preposition stays at the end (the hotel we stayed at), and where can replace it for places. When who, that or which is the subject, you must keep it.

Start the lesson

15Steps · about 22 minutes

In this lesson

Two sentences into oneA1 screen of questions
Leaving out that / who / whichB3 screens of questions
Preposition at the endC2 screens of questions
where for placesD1 screen of questions
Subject: keep who / that / whichE1 screen of questions

Point A of 5

Two sentences into one

The woman is pulling a suitcase. It's very heavy. > The suitcase (that) she is pulling is very heavy.

Kim took some photos. Have you seen them? > Have you seen the photos (that) Kim took?

You can say it with or without that.

  • The suitcase that she is pulling ... / The suitcase she is pulling ...
  • ... the photos that Kim took? / ... the photos Kim took?

Point A · Extra practice

Make one sentence from two. You do not need that.

  1. Gran knitted a scarf. I wear it every day. I wear the scarf every day.

  2. I bought a coat. It's too big. The coat is too big.

  3. We watched a film. It was very sad. The film was very sad.

Point B of 5

Leaving out that / who / which

You do not need that / who / which when it is the object.

subject verb object >
The woman was pulling a suitcase the suitcase (that) the woman was pulling
Kim took some photos the photos (that) Kim took
You wanted the book the book (that) you wanted
We met some people the people (who) we met

Do not repeat the object: the film we saw was great, not the film we saw it was great.

  • Did you get the trainers you were after? (or ... the trainers that you were after?)
  • The people we met on holiday were lovely. (or The people who we met ...)
  • Everything she told me was true. (or Everything that she told me ...)
  • The meal we had was superb. (not The meal we had it was ...)

Point B · Exercise 102.1 · part 1 of 2

Make one sentence from two.

  1. Example

    (Kim took some photos. Have you looked at them yet?) Have you looked at ...

    Have you looked at the photos Kim took?

    AnswerHave you looked at the photos Kim took?

  2. (You lent me an umbrella. I've lost it.) I've lost ...

  3. (Ella is wearing a hat. I love it.) I love ...

  4. (I bought you some chocolates. Where are they?) Where are ...

  5. (She gave us an excuse. I didn't believe it.) I ...

Point B · Exercise 102.1 · part 2 of 2

Make one sentence from two.

  1. (You bought some mangoes. How much were they?) How much ...

Point B · Exercise 102.2

Make one sentence from two.

  1. Example

    (I was pulling a suitcase. It was very heavy.) The suitcase ...

    The suitcase I was pulling was very heavy.

    AnswerThe suitcase I was pulling was very heavy.

  2. (You made a cake. It was delicious.) The cake ...

  3. (I'm wearing boots. They're not very comfortable.) The boots ...

  4. (We invited some neighbours to the barbecue. They didn't turn up.) The neighbours ...

Point C of 5

Preposition at the end

Some verbs come with a preposition (to, in, at etc.). In these clauses the preposition moves to the end.

Never add it or them as well: the films I told you about, not the films I told you about them.

  • Leo is talking to a woman. > Do you know the woman Leo is talking to?
  • We stayed at a guest house. > The guest house we stayed at was by the harbour.
  • I told you about some films. > These are the films I told you about.

Point C · Exercise 102.3 · part 1 of 2

Complete the sentences. Use the information in the box: I looked at a map / they live in a flat / I was standing on a stool / we were waiting for a train / you stayed at a hotel / Kate is talking to a man / you were looking for a phone / you spoke to some people.

  1. Example

    What was the hotel you stayed at like?

    AnswerWhat was the hotel you stayed at like?

  2. Who are the ?

  3. Did you find the ?

  4. The is too small for them.

  5. The wasn't very clear.

Point C · Exercise 102.3 · part 2 of 2

Complete the sentences. Use the information in the box: I looked at a map / they live in a flat / I was standing on a stool / we were waiting for a train / you stayed at a hotel / Kate is talking to a man / you were looking for a phone / you spoke to some people.

  1. I fell off the .

  2. The was very late.

  3. Who is the ?

Point D of 5

where for places

For a place, you can use where.

  • The guest house where we stayed was by the harbour. (= The guest house we stayed at ...)

Point D · Exercise 102.4

Read the situations and complete the questions. Use where.

  1. Example

    Omar spent a week in a guest house. You want his opinion: Was the guest house where you stayed any good?

    AnswerWas the guest house where you stayed any good?

  2. Grace had lunch in a café. You ask her: What's the name of the café ?

  3. Ruth lives in a town. You ask her: Do you like the town ?

  4. Dan works in a warehouse. You ask him: How big is the warehouse ?

Point E of 5

Subject: keep who / that / which

When who / that / which is the subject of the clause, you must use it.

  • I met a man who has climbed Everest twice. (who is the subject)
  • Sam was wearing a coat that was too long for him. (that is the subject)

Point E · Extra practice

Put in who or that. Here you cannot leave it out.

  1. I know a woman has run ten marathons.

  2. Where's the bus goes to the hospital?

  3. The man lives upstairs is a chef.

Lesson 102 · Result

How you did

Next lesson: at 8 o'clock, on Monday, in AprilBack to the course

–Right

Each point

A. Two sentences into one–Not checkedB. Leaving out that / who / which–Not checkedC. Preposition at the end–Not checkedD. where for places–Not checkedE. Subject: keep who / that / which–Not checked